Overview

A rectovaginal fistula is a connection that should not exist between the lower part of the large intestine — the rectum or anus — and the vagina. Bowel contents can leak through the fistula, allowing gas or stool to pass through the vagina.

A rectovaginal fistula may result from:

• Injury during childbirth.
• Crohn’s disease or other inflammatory bowel disease.
• Radiation treatment or cancer in the pelvic area.
• Complication after surgery in the pelvic area.
• Complication from diverticulitis, an infection of small, bulging pouches in the digestive tract.

The condition may cause gas and stool to leak out of the vagina. This may lead to emotional distress and physical discomfort for you, which may impact your self-esteem and intimacy.

Talk with your health care provider if you have symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula, even if it’s embarrassing. Some rectovaginal fistulas may close on their own, but most need surgery to fix them.

Symptoms

The most common symptom of a rectovaginal fistula is passing gas or stool from the vagina. Depending on the fistula’s size and location, you may have only minor symptoms. Or you may have significant problems with stool and gas leakage and keeping the area clean.

When to see a doctor

See your health care provider if you have any symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula.

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