Overview
Esophageal cancer is a growth of cells that starts in the esophagus. The esophagus is a long, hollow tube that runs from the throat to the stomach. The esophagus helps move swallowed food from the back of the throat to the stomach to be digested.
Esophageal cancer usually begins in the cells that line the inside of the esophagus. Esophageal cancer can happen anywhere along the esophagus.
Esophageal cancer is more common in men. Risk factors include drinking alcohol and smoking.
Esophageal cancer treatment often involves surgery to remove the cancer. Other treatments may include chemotherapy, radiation or a combination of the two. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy also may be used.
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Symptoms
Esophageal cancer may not cause symptoms early on. Symptoms of esophageal cancer usually happen when the disease is advanced.
Signs and symptoms of esophageal cancer include:
- Difficulty swallowing.
- Chest pain, pressure or burning.
- Coughing or hoarseness.
- Weight loss without trying.
- Worsening indigestion or heartburn.
When to see a doctor
Make an appointment with your doctor or other healthcare professional if you have any symptoms that worry you.
